Grammar guide
Spanish grammar guides: rules and examples (A1–C1)
Clear explanations of Spanish grammar from A1 to C2: rules, example sentences, tables and common mistakes. Every guide ends with free practice tests and worksheets.
- grammar guides
- 29
- CEFR
- A1–C1
A1 Beginner 7 guides
- Gustar and Similar Verbs in Spanish: Rules, Examples and Common Mistakes Learn how gustar works in Spanish: me gusta vs me gustan, pronouns, a mí también, verbs like encantar and doler, common mistakes and a quick A1 quiz. Read the guide
- Hay vs Estar in Spanish: Rules, Examples and Common Mistakes Learn when to use hay and when to use estar in Spanish: existence vs location, articles, questions, negatives and common mistakes, with A1 examples. Read the guide
- Ser and Estar in Spanish: Rules, Examples and Common Mistakes Learn when to use ser and when to use estar in Spanish at A1: present tense forms, clear rules, examples, common mistakes and a quick check with answers. Read the guide
- Spanish Articles and Gender: el, la, un, una and Noun Endings Learn Spanish articles and gender at A1: el, la, los, las, un, una, noun endings, plurals, al and del, exceptions, common mistakes and a quick check. Read the guide
- Spanish Possessive Adjectives: Mi, Tu, Su, Nuestro and Vuestro Learn Spanish possessive adjectives (mi, tu, su, nuestro, vuestro) with clear tables, examples, common mistakes and a quick check. A1 level guide. Read the guide
- Spanish Present Tense (Regular Verbs): Endings, Uses and Examples Learn the Spanish present tense of regular -ar, -er and -ir verbs: endings tables, uses, negatives, questions, common mistakes and a quick A1 check. Read the guide
- Spanish Present Tense Irregular Verbs: Forms, Rules and Examples Spanish present tense irregular verbs for A1: ser, ir, tener, yo-go verbs and stem changers, with tables, examples, common mistakes and a quick check. Read the guide
A2 Elementary 6 guides
- Ir a + Infinitive and the Future Tense in Spanish: Forms, Uses and Common Mistakes Learn ir a + infinitive and the Spanish simple future: forms, irregular stems, when to use each, common mistakes and a quick check with answers. A2 level. Read the guide
- Preterite vs Imperfect in Spanish: Rules, Examples and Common Mistakes Preterite vs imperfect in Spanish explained: when to use each tense, endings, signal words, common mistakes and a quick check with answers. A2 level. Read the guide
- Spanish Direct and Indirect Object Pronouns: Rules, Examples and Common Mistakes Learn Spanish direct and indirect object pronouns (lo, la, le, se lo): placement, word order, tables, examples, common mistakes and a quick check. Read the guide
- Spanish Imperfect (Pretérito Imperfecto): Forms, Uses and Examples Learn the Spanish imperfect (pretérito imperfecto): regular endings, the 3 irregular verbs, main uses, signal words and common mistakes, with examples. Read the guide
- Spanish Preterite (Pretérito Indefinido): Forms, Uses and Common Mistakes Learn the Spanish preterite (pretérito indefinido): when to use it, regular and irregular forms, spelling changes, signal words and common mistakes. Read the guide
- Spanish Reflexive Verbs: Pronouns, Position and Common Mistakes Learn Spanish reflexive verbs at A2: reflexive pronouns, where to put them, daily routine verbs, meaning changes, common mistakes and a quick check. Read the guide
B1 Intermediate 6 guides
- Por vs Para in Spanish: Rules, Uses and Common Mistakes Learn when to use por and para in Spanish: clear rules, a side-by-side comparison, fixed expressions, common mistakes and a quick check with answers. Read the guide
- Spanish Conditional Tense: Forms, Uses and Common Mistakes Learn the Spanish conditional tense at B1: regular and irregular forms, uses for polite requests, advice and hypotheses, common mistakes and practice. Read the guide
- Spanish Imperative (Affirmative and Negative): Forms, Rules and Examples Learn the Spanish imperative: tú, usted, vosotros and ustedes commands, irregular forms, negative commands and pronoun placement, with a quick quiz. Read the guide
- Spanish Present Perfect (Pretérito Perfecto): Form, Uses and Common Mistakes Learn the Spanish present perfect (pretérito perfecto): haber + participle, irregular forms, uses, signal words and how it differs from the preterite. Read the guide
- Spanish Present Subjunctive: Forms, Uses and Common Mistakes Learn the Spanish present subjunctive at B1: how to form it, key irregular verbs, when to use it after que, ojalá and cuando, plus common mistakes. Read the guide
- Spanish Relative Pronouns: Que, Quien, El que, Lo que and Cuyo Learn Spanish relative pronouns at B1: que, quien, el que, lo que, el cual and cuyo, with tables, examples, common mistakes and a quick check. Read the guide
B2 Upper-intermediate 5 guides
- Passive Voice and Passive se in Spanish: Rules, Examples and Common Mistakes Learn the Spanish passive voice (ser + participle) and passive se: form, agreement, uses, how to choose between them, plus common mistakes and a quick check. Read the guide
- Reported Speech in Spanish (estilo indirecto): Tense Changes, Commands and Questions Learn Spanish reported speech (estilo indirecto): tense changes, commands with the subjunctive, reported questions and time words, with examples. Read the guide
- Spanish Conditional Sentences (si clauses): Rules, Examples and Common Mistakes Spanish si clauses at B2: real, unlikely and impossible conditions, the tenses each type needs, mixed conditionals, common mistakes and a quick check. Read the guide
- Spanish Imperfect Subjunctive: Forms, Uses and Common Mistakes Learn the Spanish imperfect subjunctive: how to form -ra and -se endings, irregular stems, and when to use it after past triggers, si clauses and ojalá. Read the guide
- Subjunctive vs Indicative in Spanish: Rules, Examples and Common Mistakes Learn when to use the subjunctive or indicative in Spanish: doubt vs certainty, cuando, aunque, relative clauses, common mistakes and a quick B2 check. Read the guide
C1 Advanced 5 guides
- Advanced Spanish Subjunctive: Concessive, Temporal and Relative Clauses Learn the C1 Spanish subjunctive in concessive, temporal and relative clauses: aunque, cuando, antes de que, no hay nadie que, with clear examples. Read the guide
- Impersonal and Passive Constructions in Spanish: Se, Ser + Participle and Generic Subjects Master Spanish impersonal and passive constructions at C1: pasiva refleja, impersonal se, ser + participle, uno, third-person plural and common mistakes. Read the guide
- Ser and Estar (Advanced Uses): Meaning Shifts, Passives and Fixed Expressions Master advanced ser and estar in Spanish: meaning-changing adjectives, passive vs result, events, estar siendo, fixed phrases and common C1 mistakes. Read the guide
- Spanish Discourse Connectors: Uses, Register and Common Mistakes Master Spanish discourse connectors at C1: sin embargo, no obstante, de ahí que, si bien and more, with punctuation, mood rules and common mistakes. Read the guide
- Spanish Verbal Periphrases (perífrasis verbales): Uses, Forms and Common Mistakes Master Spanish verbal periphrases at C1: infinitive, gerund and participle forms, deber vs deber de, llevar + gerund, pronoun placement and common mistakes. Read the guide